Pinacotheca Philosophica: Philosophers - Socrates

 

Pinacotheca Philosophica

Philosophy and Philosophers in Art

 

Socrates (470-399 B.C.)

·         Avril Paul. Know Thyself ()

·         Blommendael Reyer. Xantippe Dousing Socrates (c. 1665, Strasbourg, Mus?e des Beaux-Arts)

·         Camuccini. Lamentation over the Corpse of Socrates (early 1800s, attributed)

·         Canova. Socrates Defending Alcibiades at Potidea (1797, Possagno, Gipsoteca Canoviana)

·         Canova. Socrates Defending Himself Before the Judges (end 18th c., Possagno, Gipsoteca Canoviana)

·         Canova. Socrates Preparing to Drink the Hemlock (end 18th c., Possagno, Gipsoteca Canoviana)

·         Canova. Socrates Sending Away His Family (end 18th c., Possagno, Gipsoteca Canoviana)

·         Canova. The Death of Socrates (end 18th c., Possagno, Gipsoteca Canoviana)

o        Crito Closing the Eyes of Socrates (detail)

·         Chodowiecki. The Death of Socrates (San Francisco, Fine Arts Museum)

* Crito, when he heard this, made a sign to the servant, and the servant went in, and remained for some time, and then returned with the jailer carrying a cup of poison. Socrates said: “You, my good friend, who are experienced in these matters, shall give me directions how I am to proceed.” The man answered: “You have only to walk about until your legs are heavy, and then to lie down, and the poison will act.” At the same time he handed the cup to Socrates, who in the easiest and gentlest manner, without the least fear or change of colour or feature, looking at the man with all his eyes, Echecrates, as his manner was, took the cup and said: “What do you say about making a libation out of this cup to any god? May I, or not?” The man answered: “We only prepare, Socrates, just so much as we deem enough.” “I understand,” he said: “yet I may and must pray to the gods to prosper my journey from this to that other world – may this, then, which is my prayer, be granted to me”. Then holding the cup to his lips, quite readily and cheerfully he drank off the poison (Plato, Phaedo).

·         Daumier. Socrates and Aspasia ()

·         David Jacques-Louis. The Death of Socrates (1787, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art)

* See: Plato, Phaedo

o        French Painter (18th century, after Jacques-Louis David). The Death of Socrates (Princeton, Princeton University Art Museum)

·         Delacroix. The Limbo: Cupola Painting (1841-1846, Paris, Palais du Luxembourg: The Senate Library)

o        The Limbo: Cupola Painting (viewed from a different perspective)

o        Famous Greeks (detail)

o        Famous Greeks (detail enlarged)

§         Socrates (470-399 B.C.)

·         Flewelling Ralph Carlin. Socrates: No evil can befall a good man either here or hereafter: A Mosaic in the Main Reading Room of James Harmon Hoose Library of Philosophy (1929, Los Angeles, The University of Southern California, Mudd Hall of Philosophy).

·         Gandolfi Gaetano. The Death of Socrates (1782, Bologna, Private Collection)

* See: Plato, Phaedo

·         G?r?me. Socrates Seeking Alcibiades in the House of Aspasia (1861, Private Collection)

·         Greuter Johann Friedrich (after Giovanni Francesco Romanelli). Socrates and His Students (San Francisco, Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts 1963.30.36658)

o        Socrates and His Students: Detail

·         LaFarge. The Relation of the Individual to the State: Socrates and His Friends Discuss “The Republic”: Study for a Supreme Court Room Mural, Minnesota State Capitol, Saint Paul (1903, private collection)

·         Lebiedzki (after design by Karl Rahl). The Golden Age of Athens: Detail of the Right-hand Fa?ade Mural (Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens)

o        Socrates (470-399 B.C.)

o        Socrates (detail)

o        Socrates (detail enlarged)

·         Perugino. Prudence and Justice with Six Antique Wisemen (1497, Perugia, Collegio del Cambio)

o        Socrates the Philosopher (470-399 B.C.)

o        Prudence with Fabius Maximus, Socrates and Numa Pompilius (detail)

·         Peyron. The Death of Socrates (1787, Copenhagen, Statens Museum fur Kunst)

·         Peyron. The Death of Socrates (Omaha, Nebraska, Joslyn Art Museum)

* See: Plato, Phaedo

·         Puget. Philosopher (1662, Cleveland, Museum of Art)

Not identified, possibly Chrysippus, Epicurus or Socrates.

·         Raphael. The School of Athens (1510-1511, Rome, Vatican, Stanza della Segnatura)

o        Socrates (470-399 B.C.)

o        Socrates with Disciples: Aeschines, Alcibiades, Antisthenes (detail)

o        Socrates with Disciples: Aeschines, Alcibiades, Antisthenes (detail, enlarged)

·         Rayol. Plato (btw. 1685-1688, Versailles, The Versailles Park and Gardens)

o        Plato (detail)

o        Shield Bearing the Image of Socrates (470-399 B.C.)

·         Regnault. Socrates Dragging Alcibiades from the Embrace of Sensual Pleasure (1785, New York, Stair Sainty Matthiesen)

·         Regnault. Socrates Dragging Alcibiades from the Embrace of Sensual Pleasure (1791, Paris, Mus?e du Louvre)

·         Russell Elsie. The Death of Socrates (1986)

* See: Plato, Phaedo

·         Saint-Quentin. The Death of Socrates (1762, Paris, ?cole des Beaux-Arts)

* See: Plato, Phaedo

·         German Artist (19th century). Socrates: Illustration from Galerie der alten Griechen und R?mer (1801, Augsburg)

·         Greek (Greco-Roman?) Sculptor (1st century A. D. after Lysippus of Sicyon). Socrates (Paris, Mus?e du Louvre)

o        Socrates (side view)

·         Greek (Greco-Roman?) Sculptor (2nd century A. D.?). Philosopher (presumably Socrates) (Delphi, Museum)

o        Philosopher (detail full face)

o        Philosopher (detail side view)

·         Roman Sculptor (2nd or 3rd century A. D.). Bust of Socrates (Pergamum, Archeological Museum)

·         Roman Sculptor. Bust of Socrates (Ephesus, Archeological Museum)

·         Roman Sculptor (after the Greek original of the 2nd half of the 4th century B. C.). Herm Depicting Socrates (Rome, The Capitoline Museum)

·         Roman Sculptor (after the Greek original dating c. 380-360 B. C.). Socrates (London, The British Museum)